Kinyaga And Central RWANDA: Early Contacts
Studies of Rwanda often assume that before the arrival of Europeans, Rwandan state power extended uniformly to most (or all) regions of the kingdom. Such studies also tend to imply that the features of Rwandan society observable in the 1950s…
Eight. The Catholic chiefs
The Belgians had no intention before the Second World War of trying to govern Rwanda without the aid of the feudal system. They did, however, wish to trim it to manageable proportions and reduce its gravest injustices to a minimum.…
Concepts And Paradigms
As noted, experienee in the field shifted the focus of inquiry, and brought four concepts into the foreground of this concern: ethnicity, clientship, labor control practices, and state formation. To illustrate the significance of these four elements in contrast to…
The Functionalist Model of Rwanda
BEFORE EXPLAINING the significance of my focus on ethnicity, patron–client relations, and labor-control practices as dynamic elements related to the growth of state power, I want to show why the prevailing models of the 1950s and 1960s distorted or neglected…
The Social Preconditions of Revolution
Revolutions are often seen in terms of a spontaneous burst of political activity of great intensity. Less attention is generally given to the social preconditions of revolution-the structures, processes, and perceptions that make such activity possible. This book reflects on…
Seven. The Conversion Of The Tutsi
When Léon Classe returned to Rwanda in 1922 the Tutsi had already abandoned direct opposition to Catholicism for cautions accommoda-tion, and within the next decade were to adopt a third course — conversion. The Hutu inside the Church who had,…
Six. The crisis of the First World War
The Germans could not hope to hold back an Allied army of Belgians and British without the support of the Tutsi; that support was readily forthcoming. Musinga sent them two letters at the end of 1914 pledging his loyalty and…
Five. French Catholicism or German colonialism
The position of Rwanda's Vicar General in 1910 was more equivocal than he cared to admit. The sacrifice of Loupias' life had touched neither Tutsi nor Germans. The ungrateful mwami put out the eyes of an old friend of Save…
Four. Hutu Church And Tutsi Court
In der Person des Herrn Pater Classe einen geeigneten Leiter… haben,’ wrote Von Grawert complacently to Monsignor Hirth. His complacency was not shared by the missionaries, who resented Classe's eager support for the court, his apparent defection from the northern…
Three. Clientship In The South, Revolt In The North
The military might of the Kaiser in Rwanda amounted to two German officers and twenty-five askari in 1902. The telegraph from Dar- es- Salaam stretched only as far as Tabora, ten days' march to Bujumbura. This token force denied Rwanda…